Tool for handling drill-bits or other tools



(NuMoolel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

-J..BARRETT. TooL TOR HANDLING DRILL BITS 0R OTHER TooLs.

Patented Oct. 9, 1894.

E Nonms persas 60,. Pno'mumo., wnsnmm'o li c (No Moa-e1.) 2 sheets-sheet2.

J. BARRETT. TOOL FORHANDLINO DRILL BITS OR OTHER TOOLS.

Patented Oct. 9, 1894.

' UNiTED v STATES i PATENT OFFICE.

JOSIAH BARRETT, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

TOOL FOR HANDLING DRILL-BITS OR OTHER TOOLS.

SPCIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.V 527,103, dated October9, 1894'.

Application filed March 1'7, 1894.

hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,

and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to tools for handling drill bits or other toolsused in drilling or operating Artesian wells,the handling of casing ortubing employed in such wells, and for like purposes, the tool beingalso applicable Vgenerally to the handling of any heavy parts to bescrewed together when in a vertical position whether in connection withArtesian wells or in other mechanical operations.

In the drilling of oil and other Artesian wells a string of tools (insome cases consisting of the drill jars and drilling bits,'and in othercases consisting of the drill jars, stem or sinker bar and bit, such aswhere a heavy line of tools is required) is hung from the drilling ropeto which a box or screw socket is secured by a suitable rope clamp,these several tools being connected by screw joints composed of athreaded pin and threaded box or socket on the different tools. Theweight of .these different tools has so increased in late years that ithas become a very difficult matter to handle them in the old way Wherethey were lifted by hand and carried into position to be screwedtogether, and on account of the increased weight of the tools theseoperations have become dangerous to the workmen. In the screwing up ofthe tools it is necessary to insert the pin on the tool, which isgenerally at its upper end, into the socket or box onthe stem or otherpart, which is suspended from the drilling rope, and to turn the tool soas to screw the pin into the box until the parts are connected in suchway that the lowest tool can be lowered into the well and the heavywrenches placed upon the tools and the tools firmly screwed together bymeans of a wrenching jack engaging with the wrenches.

The object of the present invention is to provide a swivel wrench bywhich the tools can be lifted and handled, being carried from the sidesof the derrick and brought into semina. 564,030. (No modem properposition for screwing into the rope lsocket or the tool hangingtherefrom, so as to reduce the labor and the danger of such work andfacilitate the work by the employ- A y adapted to receive the tool insuch carrier and vhold the same therein and mounted so as to turn withinthe carrier, and mechanism for turning this tool holder, so that theoperator can, by the movement of the lever or carrier, pass the holderaround the tool and lift the same thereby to carry it into proper 7oposition and insert its pin in the box above Y the same and turn thetool so as to screw the pin into the box. j

It also consists in mounting the ltool holder in a ring mounted toASwingin the lever, so that the tool holder willalways hold the tool in avertical position, that is, in aproper position for entering the pininto the box.

It also consists in the mechanism employed for turning the tool holderso as to screw the 8o pin into the box or unscrew it therefrom, as wellas in certain other improvements which will be hereinafter moreparticularly set forth and claimed.

'Io enable others skilled in the art to make 8 5 and use my invention, Iwill describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure l is a view of the lower part of the derrickillustrating the operation of screwing. 9o Fig. 2 is a top or plan viewof the wrench. Fig. 3 is a side View of the same. Fig. 4 is a frontview. Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line 5-5 Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is aperspective view of the ring removed. Fig. 7 is a plan view 95 ofanother form of my invention showing the swinging segment open,and Fig.8 is across'- section thereof on the line 8-8 Fig. 7.

`Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

I have illustrated my invention in connection with the screwing of anoil well drilling bit into the base of the drill jars, as that is theuse to which it is most frequently pnt, and illustrates the general useof the.tool whether it is employed for screwing or unscrewing thedifferent oil well drilling tools or for screwing or unscrewing tubing,or for` like purposes.

In the drawings A is the derrick, and a the casing at the top of thewell which is first inserted in the well and through which the drillingoperations are subsequently carried on.

Z) Shows thew drill jars having the box b at the lower end thereof; c,the drilling bit having the pin c at the upper end thereof, the work tobe performed being the screwing of the pin c into the box b',

In thederrick A l mount a suitable crane or other track, a crane beingshown in the drawings as at B having the standard d and the crane arm(Z2 which swings on the standard and which forms t he track on which thebuggy Z3 travels and from which the carrier E of the tool forming thisinvention is suspended, being suspended by any suitable device by meansof a chain, block or anyolhersuitahle device which can be madevertically adjustable if desired.

The carrier E consists of the frame or lever e having at its forward endarms` e which extend around and form the bearings for the ringj'in whichthe tool holder g is mounted 1o swing, this ring f being preferablyemployed so that even though the levere of the carrier is swung upwardand downward to lower or raise the tool, the tool will always beheld ina vertical position and in` proper position to enter the pin within thesocket into which it is to be screwed.

The ringfis mounted in the arms e of the carrier by means of bearings f'of suitable construction, and swings on said bearings, and it is open atone side, extending for only about three-fourths of a circle, so as topro vide for the entrance of the tool cinto the tool holder g. The toolholder is mounted to turn in this ringf, having lips extending outwardlyand fitting above and below the ring f, the tool holder being in thisway swiveled within the ring. This tool holder is formed of two parts,the body g formed of about three-fourths of a circle and having in thecenter thereof a socket h which for:tl1e handling of the drilling toolsis made angular, corresponding to the angular bodies of the drillingtool below the heads thereof, so that when the tool fits within the toolholderit will be suspended therein by its headc2 resting on the toolholder, and the tool holder will tit around the square or angularportion c3 below the head and so provide for the turning of the tool.Where tubing is to be handled by the tool, the seats h will ofcoursecorrespond in the proper way to the shape of the tubing, and thetubing can be held from turning within the tool holder by any suitablegrip engaging therewith.

At one end of the bodyg of the tool holder is the hinge g2in which ismounted the swinging segment g3 of the swiveling tool holder,

the outer surface of which corresponds in shape to the outer surface ofthe body of the tool holder, so that when this swinging segment isclosedu the segment will turn with the body within the ring f, thissegment being Yclosed in the manner hereinafter described, and sosecuring the drilling bit or other tool within the tool holder. Theswinging segment of the tool holder is opened to provide for theinsertion of the tool within the seat, and as soon as this is done, bythe turning of the tool holder this swinging segment is closed, heiligforced into place by the endof the ringf which presses on the outer faceof the segment and swings it round, closing it so as to inclose the toolwithin the same. To cause the easy closing of this tool holder l provideon the ring f a lip or extension f2 which, as the tool is turned,presses against the segment at a point somewhat beyond its hinge andstarts the swinging of the segment into place, the segment beinggradually closed by this extension f2and the curvedor tapered face f3 onthat end of the ring f.

For the 'purpose of locking the segment to the body of the tool holder Iemploy any suitable device, such as a pin fitting in semicircular seatsor recesses /Z in the meeting edges of the body g and segment g3 oftheholder. This locking device is only-needed, however, when the toolsare beingunscrewed, as the natural operation of screwing up holds thissegment to place.

For the purpose ot' turning the tool holder within the ringfl may employany suitable mechanism, the mechanism shown in the mai n figures of thedrawings being as follows: On the lower surface of the tool holder andits segment is formed the bevel geared face Za which extends below thering f and engages with a bevel pinion Z mounted on a shaft Z in thebracket Z2 secured to and depending from the ringf, and at the otherside ot' the shaft Z carrying said bevel pinion is a gear wheel Z3 whichmeshes with the gear wheel m mounted on a pin extending out from one ofthe artns e of the carrier E. Mounted on the same shaft and rigidlysecured to this pinion m is the sprocket wheel n which is turned by asprocket chain fn', said sprocket chain extending back parallel with thelevere and engaging with a sprocket Wheel 19 mounted on the side arm pwhich extends out from the lever e, as shown int-he plan view. Mountedon this same arm 1J and rigidly secured to the sprocket wheel p is thecrank arm p2 by which the sprocket wheel p is turned, and so through thechain 'n' turning the sprocket wheel n, and through the gears m and Z3and bevel pinion Z meshing with the gear face 7c of the tool holderturning the tool holder within the ring f. It will be seen that bymeansof this gearing the tool holder is driven, no matter what therelative position of the main frame e' and ring; f

may` be, the ringfswinging within the main' frame or carrier Eso as to`enga-ge properly with the tool and hold it in a vertical position, andthe tobl being raised and 'lowered by themovement of the main frame asit is swung from the crane extending out into the derrick above thesame. It will be seen that in this 'way I` provide for the turning ofthe tool holder' from a point near the outer end of the lever e sothatthc operator may apply the full force of the lever in moving thetool and yet'have within easy reach the crank forr turning the toolholder. I am also enabled .to increase the power considerably by therelative sizes of the sprockets and gearing.4 The construction abovedescribed is considered the most desirable, because I am enabled tohandle with it very heavy tools, the

drill bitsof some of the other toolssometiines plied in this case fromthe crank arm through said shaft Z to the bevel pinion Z, and thence tothe gear face lc of the tool holder g.

In the use of theinvention when employed for the handling of voil welltools the opera- Ation is practically as follows: The tools generallystand around the derrick resting against the wal-ls or frame workthereof in a substantially upright position. l/Vhen a tool,

such as the drilling bit c, is to be brought to place and insertedwithinl the socket of the drill jar or other tool, through the drillingrope the tool hanging therefrom is raised to approximately the properheight and the driller then swings the arm ofthe crane Z2 over towardthe tool, the' swingingsegment being open as shown in Fig. 5, and bymeans of the lever e he moves the carriage d3 along theftrack, swingingit thereon and bringing it to such position that he can move forward thefront end of the main frame E so as to pass the tool holder around thesquare c3 of the `drill `below the head `c2 of the tool, so bringing thetool into theseat h of the rotating tool holder g. In this position, bymeans of the lever e, he raises the tool slight-ly, and then turns thetool holder g in such direction that the end ofthe ring f pressesagainst the swinging segment g3 of the tool holder, which closes thatsegment against the body y thereof, and by turning the tool holdercarries the segment in such position that it cannot open. He thenpresses down on the free end of the lever e, so raising the drill bit c,and by means of the crane and the carrier E he carries the drill bitover above the well and inserts the pin c in the drill bit into the boxb of the drill jars or stem or other part hanging from the drill rope.As the rotating tool holder is mounted in the ring f which swings in themain frame E, the drill bit will of course -be held in a verticalposition and in proper position to enter the box b', and while he raisesthe drill bit into that box by pressing downwardly on the outer end ofthe lever e, through the crank lever p2 he turns the drill vbit andscrewsthe pin c thereof into the box b', screwing it up until theshoulder c2 is brought close to or against the box b,the drill beingthus' brought into proper connection with the box for the wrenching ofit.to place so as to form a tight joint. `He then turns the rotary ltoolholder g so as to bring the swinging segment g3 opposite the opening inthe ring f and'draws back on the main frame E, which forces the segmentg3 to swing outwardly by contact with the drill bit and draws thetool'holder from the drill bit, when it can, through the movement of themain frame and crane, swing the whole apparatus away from the drill bit.The d-rill bit can then be screwed tight within the box by lowering thesame into the Well land applying the ordinary wrenches to the squareofthe drill bit and of the stein or jars carrying the box Z2', and bypressure upon the wrenches through the jacking devices the tight jointis formed.

When it is desired to employ the device in.

removing the drill bit or other such tool, the joint is loosened throughthe employment of the ordinary wrenches and jackingdevices, and the toolholder is then inserted over the square of the drill bit and by turningthe tool holder the driller closes the swinging segment g8 around thebit, and to hold it closed inserts the pin z', above referred to. Hethen turns the tool in the opposite direction to that of screwing up soas to unscrew its pin c from the box b', and as soon as the drill bit isfree,

vby means of the tool holder and crane, swings,

it over into proper position against the derrick frame, opens thetoolholder g and removes the same from the bit:

' The above description of the operation illustrates generally how thetool is used. It may be employed in like way for the handling of anysuitable tools to be screwed together while in vertical position,whetherfor oil well or other purposes, and may be employed for handling theordinary casing or tubing of oil wells, the seat in the block or toolholder g being made to correspond to the article to be handled, and anysuitable gripping device to hold the same and cause its turning with theblock being employed, and as the block g is entirely removable from thering fby the simple turning of the same when the swinging segment g3 isopen, another block having a suitably shaped seat can be insertedtherein.

By the use of the invention I am enabled to han'dle these heavy toolswith ease, doing away with all danger to the driller, rendering theoperation rapid, so savingtime to the driller, which is always ofimportance, and

reducing the labor to a minimum, while the parts can be made heavy andstrong, which is always necessary for well drilling tools.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The combination of a main frame,a ring mounted to swing therein, anda rotary tool holder swiveled in said ring and having a seat to receivethe tool or other article to be handled, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a suspended main frame, a ring mounted to swingtherein and having an open portion, and a rotary tool holder to turn insaid ring and having an open portion and a seat toreceive the tool to behandled, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a suspended main frame, a ring mounted toswingtherein hav` ing an open portion, and a rotary tool holder swiveledto turn in said ring, the tool holderbeing formed of a body portionhaving an;

open side, and a swinging segment hinged therein, substantially assetforth.

4. The combination of a main frame, a ring mounted to swing therein arotary tool holder mounted to turn therein, said tool holder beingformed of abody portion and a swinging segment hinged to said 'bodyportion, said body portion and segment having geared faces thereon, andgearing engaging with said` faces to turn the same, substantially asset' forth.

5. The combination of a main frame, a ring mounted to swing therein andhaving an open portion, and a rotary tool holder mounted to turn in saidring, said tool holder being form ed l ofa body portion and a swingingsegment:

hinged thereto, said segment engaging with the end of the ring so as toclose the segment against the body portion, substantially as set``forth.

6. The combination of a main frame, a ring mounted to swing therein andhaving an open hinged thereto, said segment engaging with the end of thering so as to close the segment against the body portion, and said ringhaving an extension to engage with the outer face of the swingingsegment, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of a main frame, a ring mountedto swingtherein, arotary tool holder mounted in said ring and having a geared face, and apinion mounted on said ring and engaging with said geared face andacting to turn the tool holder, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination ot' a main frame, a ring mounted to swing therein, arotary tool holder mounted to turn in said ring and having a gearedface, a shaft carrying a pinion engaging with said geared face, andgearing on the main frame connected to and turning said shaft,substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a main fra1ne,a ring mounted to swing therein, a`rotarytool holder mounted to turn in the ring andhaving a geared face, ashaft -mounted on said ring `and carrying a pinion meshing with thegeared face and carrying anothenpinion, and a pinion mounted on the mainframe and meshing with and turning the pinion on the shaft,substantiallyas set forth.

10. The combination of a main frame, a ring mountedto swing therein, arotary toolholder mounted to turn in said ring and having a geared face,a shaft mounted on the ring and having a pinion engaging with saidgeared face and carrying a pinion at its outer end, a pinion mounted onthe main frame and meshing with said gear pinion, a sprocketuwheel rigidwith the pinion on the main frame, a sprocketimounted at the outer endof said main frame,and a sprocket chain connecting said sprockets,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said JOSIAH BARRETT, have hereunto set myhand.

JOSIAH BARRETT.

VVitnes'ses:

J. N. COOKE, L. DEB. LITTLE.

